FAA Processes Explained for the DARPA Lift Challenge

Quick Overview

The FAA processes for the DARPA Lift Challenge exemption (49 U.S.C. § 44807) are designed to be streamlined, relying on existing Part 107 knowledge and registration processes, but require teams to ensure their custom-built drones under 55 pounds do not exceed 55 pounds of weight during practice flights and must adhere to all safety and operational rules, including provisions for visual line of sight and night operations, with the FAA expecting to issue the exemption approval during the spring to allow teams ample time for practice before the competition.

Key Points: The DARPA Lift Challenge exemption utilizes the FAA's existing Part 107 rules as a baseline for operations. Teams operating under the exemption must ensure their custom-built drones do not exceed 55 pounds of weight during practice flights. The exemption allows operations that would normally require a waiver under Part 107, such as flying over people or operating above 400 feet in certain controlled airspace. Pilots must still comply with FAA safety requirements, including visual line of sight and potentially reporting accidents if damage exceeds a specific dollar value (though the exact value was not specified). The FAA is expected to issue the final exemption approval this spring, giving teams several months (e.g., three to four months) to practice before the competition. The FAA DroneZone portal is the system used for registration and applying for airspace authorizations (LAANC), which teams will likely need to use even with the challenge exemption. Insurance is not explicitly required by the FAA for Part 107 operations, but teams are responsible for any damage caused by their drone.

Context: This video features an interview with Phillip "Donna" Smith, a DARPA Program Manager, and FAA representatives Brandon Roberts (Executive Director - Rulemaking) and Marcus Cunningham (Manager - Technologies and Standards), discussing the regulatory framework—specifically Part 107 and the 44807 exemption—that governs the DARPA Lift Challenge. The challenge focuses on heavy vertical lift drones, pushing beyond current weight and operational limitations, requiring close coordination between DARPA and the FAA to ensure safety while fostering innovation.